http server

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前言

httpserver除了tomcat，jboss等以容器方式存在，也可以在应用中自己编码实现。 常用的有JDK Httpserver，jetty，tomcat embedded。

JDK HttpServer

jdk1.6后，加入了httpserver包，非常轻量级。使用也简单

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import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class MyHttpServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        InetSocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress(8091);
        HttpServer server = null;
        try {
            server = com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer.create(address,0);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        server.createContext("/server",new MyHttpHandler());
        server.setExecutor(Executors.newFixedThreadPool(20));
        server.start();
        System.out.println("server is listening on port 8091");
    }
}


import com.sun.net.httpserver.Headers;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;

public class MyHttpHandler implements HttpHandler {

    @Override
    public void handle(HttpExchange httpExchange) throws IOException {
        Headers responseHeaders = httpExchange.getResponseHeaders();
        responseHeaders.set("Content-Type", "text/plain");
        httpExchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, 0);
        OutputStream os = httpExchange.getResponseBody();
        os.write("welcome to my blackb's world".getBytes());
        os.flush();
        os.close();
    }
}

小结：
定义sever,包括端口，绑定context和handler

Jetty

  1. 文档丰富、功能强大、资料多。
  2. 可以作为容器使用，也可嵌入到Application
  3. 支持多端口
  4. 支持http2
  5. 支持各种日志插件 
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    public class HttpServerDemo 
    {
        public static void main( String[] args )
        {
        	
        	Server server = new Server();
        	ServerConnector connector = new ServerConnector(server);
        	connector.setPort(8092);
        	server.setConnectors(new Connector[]{connector});
        	server.setHandler(new MyHttpHandler());
        	
        	try {
    			server.start();
    			System.out.println("server is listening on port 8092");
    			server.join();
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
        }
    }

    public class MyHttpHandler extends AbstractHandler{

    	@Override
    	public void handle(String arg0, Request baseRequest, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    			throws IOException, ServletException {
    		// Declare response encoding and types
            response.setContentType("text/html; charset=utf-8");

            // Declare response status code
            response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_OK);

            // Write back response
            response.getWriter().println("<h1>Welcome to blackb's jetty World</h1>");

            // Inform jetty that this request has now been handled
            baseRequest.setHandled(true);
    	}

    }

小结：
jetty的使用方式和jdk httpserver差不多，区别在jetty有connettor，start后建议join，不需要context。

Tomcat Embedded

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public class TomcatServerDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		 Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
	     tomcat.setPort(8093);
	     Context ctx = tomcat.addContext("/", new File(".").getAbsolutePath());
	     Tomcat.addServlet(ctx, "Embedded", new HttpServlet() {
	            @Override
	            protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) 
	                    throws ServletException, IOException {
	                
	                Writer w = resp.getWriter();
	                w.write("Welcome to balckb's Embedded Tomcat servlet.\n");
	                w.flush();
	                w.close();
	            }
	        });
	     
	     ctx.addServletMapping("/*", "Embedded");
	     try {
			tomcat.start();
		} catch (LifecycleException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	     System.out.println("server is listening on port 8093");
	     tomcat.getServer().await();
	}

}

小结：
tomcat不太一样，需要定义servlet。将路径与servlet绑定。

其他

其他的还有Grizzly HttpServer等。

参考资料

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_405930170/article/details/70770095
jetty博客：https://www.cnblogs.com/yiwangzhibujian/p/5832597.html
jetty官文：https://www.eclipse.org/jetty/documentation/current/
tomcat embedded：http://zetcode.com/web/embeddedtomcat/

扩展

关于restful接口，目前比较流行的实现有以下几种：
Apache CXF，开源的Web服务框架开源组织Apache的实现;Jersey，由Sun提供的JAX-RS的参考实现;RestEasy，JBoss的JAX-RS的实现。